A solar microinverter is a small device installed on each individual solar panel to convert the direct current (DC) output into alternating current (AC).
Introduction
Unlike string and central inverters that aggregate energy from multiple panels, microinverters perform DC to AC conversion at the module level.
This enables maximum energy harvest from each panel. However, microinverter costs per watt are higher than other inverter systems. They require careful design to optimize benefits.
For residential and commercial rooftop solar arrays in the UK, microinverters can maximize yields and offer module-level visibility and redundancy.
Key Benefits
Module-Level MPPT
Microinverters perform maximum power point tracking on each panel independently, ensuring optimal energy harvest under all conditions.
This mitigates mismatch losses between panels that can occur with string inverters.
Shade Tolerance
Microinverters ensure shading or soiling of any one panel does not affect others. System output is maximized despite uneven shading.
Bypassing underperforming modules boosts the economics of installing solar on partially shaded UK homes.
Safety and Reliability
Certified microinverters have integrated ground fault protection. Fused connections minimize shock hazards.
Spreading power conversion across modules limits risks that can arise from centralized inverters.
Monitoring and Visibility
Microinverters provide panel-level performance monitoring, fault detection and analytics. This enhanced visibility optimizes operations.
Homeowners can view each panel’s output and take corrective actions if required.
Challenges and Limitations
- Microinverters have higher upfront costs per watt compared to string and central inverters. The payback period is longer.
- Installation is more complex with each panel requiring a microinverter mounted underneath. Accessibility for maintenance is trickier.
- Reliability depends on consistent manufacturing quality across thousands of microinverter units in an array.
- Internet connectivity is required to fully utilize smart functionalities like monitoring and upgrades.
For residential and commercial rooftop solar installations in the UK, microinverters present a compelling technology option to maximize energy generation and realize the full potential of available roof space. Despite higher initial investment, the long-term output and safety benefits can outweigh drawbacks for many buyers. Careful design considering shading and roof orientation is key to optimizing the economics.
